Hi Nakira! I'll answer as many of your questions as I can. We recently adopted a baby girl in May and I am so glad that we quit all the ttc stuff! She is the love of my life and her not having our genetic make up means nothing to either of us.
1. How does the process start?
I think it really begins with you and your husband coming to the decision that you want to be parents and grieving the infertility. Then you need to think about whether you want to adopt via and agency, DSS, or through an attorney.
2. Do I just contact and agency and tell them that I am interested in domestic adoption?
I would recommend you contact a couple of agencies and attornies and see if they have orientations or will meet with you to explain the laws in your state and what they have to offer.
3. What is the cost?
This really depends on several things. How much birthmother living expenses you can pay, the agency or attorney fees you go with, is it an out of state adoption, you'd have to do ICPC paperwork etc. I would say the average right now is $10,000 to $25,000 but there are situations that are far less and far greater.
4. Are there any REAL guarantees that the birth mother will not want her child back?
In most states there is a grace period after the birthmom leaves the hospital before she signs the relinquishment papers. Each state is different. We're in CA and a birthmom can sign as soon as she leaves the hospital. We had an out of state adoption (Nevada) and they required 72 hours after birth. After signing the relinquishment we were told that she was ours! But... because we did an agency adoption legally the agency has legal custody until we finalize which should be December or 6 months from birth. There are no guarantees she will not change her mind and if she does all living expenses for her are just gone. It's crazy but that's the law. Living expenses are considered a gift.
5. How much will my husband need to be involved up front? I ask becasue I am still praying that he comes around sooner.
He needs to be involved from the beginning in my opinion. You can do some research about various agencies etc. but once you start meeting with them you'll want him to be a part of the process. Actually my husband became more interested when I started doing the research and then he attended a orientation with me and it really helped him to understand the process.
6. How long will it take for an adoption?
The average time our agency says their folks are waiting is a year. We went to our orientation in May 2005, did the homestudy July/August it was completed in October, we were matched with a birthparents in December and our baby was born May 31st. So... that was a year.
7. Are black babies easier to get than white?
I've "heard" people say this is the case but... if you're going to do an open adoption you still will have to be chosen by a birthmother. Although there are a few closed adoptions. We really didn't have a racial preferance so that kind of opens the possibilities up.
8. What kind of things can I expect? I heard home visits, financial info, family history, criminal reports.
Medical reports from your doctor, we had to have a TB test, we had to also write a biography, oh and submit fingerprints.
9. How soon after all clear does it take to get a baby?
Really depends to what kinds of situations your open to and fate I think.
Sorry for the dumb questions, but searching the web was overwhelming.
You didn't ask anything dumb!

Good luck on your search to become a mother. The one thing our agency said that changed my life was..."There's a baby out there somewhere for everybody." I can't stress enough though how important it is to get your husband on board or to atleast find out what his concerns or thoughts are surrounding adoption. Just like it's takes both of you to ttc it will take two of you to adopt.
Blessings to you as you start this wonderful process. Let me just say also that it wasn't an easy road either but it was SO worth it!
Julia
http://www.adoptionboard.org
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